Blast-pipe for locomotives.



No. 737,798. PATENTED SEPT. 1, 1903.

M H. S. WAINWRIGHT. BLAST PIPE FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLIOATIOK FILED MAY 12. 1902. RENEWED AUG. 3, 1903. N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

Inventor lab 6752 22 22 H. ,S. l; 5%

PATENTED SEPT. 1,1903.

3 snnnws-sknm 2.

IL s. WAINWRIGHT. BLAST PIPE FOR LOCOMOTIVES. APPLIGATIQN FILED MAY 12. 1902. RENEWED AUG- 3. 1903.

N0 MODEL ZZy/Znesses.

No. 737,798. PATENTBD SEPT. 1,1903.

'H. S. WAINWRIGHT. BLAST PIPE FOR. LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, 1902. RENEWED AUG- 3. 1903.

NO MODEL. 3.8HBETS-SHBET 3.

1h van/[h 21 I f-S. ZI/az'nwgoly]: I.

latented September 1, 1963.

PATENT OEEIcE.

HARRY SMITH VVAINWRIGHT, OF ASHFORD, ENGLAND.

BLAST-PIPE FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 737,798, dated September 1, 1903.

Application filed May 12, 1902. Renewed August 3, 1903. Serial No. 168,123. (No model.)

To (ZZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY SMITH WAIN- WRIGHT, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland,residing at Ashford, in the county of Kent, England, have invented Improvements in and Relating to Blast-Pipes for L0- comotives, of which the following is a specification.

Vith the construction and arrangement of blast-pipes heretofore commonly used in locomotive-engines the exhaust-steam usually issues from the blast-pipe in quick sharp blasts, especially when hauling heavy loads up inclines,with the result that the fire in the boilerfurnace is caused to burn very irregularly and therefore uneconomically, and sparks orglowing particles are frequently ejected through the chimney to such an extent as to cause danger.

Now this invention has for its object, inter a l 6a, so to construct a blast-pipe for a locomotive-engine that the flow of exhaust-steam therethrough shall be regulated or controlled in such a way that the steam will issue in a smoother and more continuous manner than heretofore usual, so that it shall cause a more steady and uniform draft through the firetubes of the boiler and therefore a more steady, uniform, and economical combustion of fuel in the lire-box and less liability, of ejecting sparks or glowing particles from the chimney than heretofore usual, and this without unduly baffling the steam and increasing the back pressure thereof in the engine-cylinders. For this purpose the internal surface of a locomotive blast-pipe, according to this lnvention, instead of being made plain or smooth, as heretofore, is for the whole or a portion or portions of its length formed or provided with ribs orprojections, so arranged as to form one or more inclined or spirally-arranged grooves or channels, with the object of rendering the flow of steam through the blast pipe more uniform and to facilitate egress of steam by causing it to whirl or revolve. The ribs or projections may be formed in the metal of the blast-pipe itself or in or by one or more pieces of metal inserted within and fitting the blastpipe. The grooves or channels that are-formed by and between the ribs or projections and which may resemble more or less the rifling of a gun may be of uniform or varying pitch and the grooves or channels may be of uniform or varying depth, as may be desired. In the case of new blastpipes the grooves or channels may conveniently be formed by casting. In the. case of existing blast-pipes they may conveniently be formed by suitably coiling one or more lengths of metal wire or rod or one or more lengths of strip metal to fit the interior of the blast pipe and form the desired groove or channel or grooves or channels therein.

For the purpose of arresting or of assisting to arrest sparks or glowing particles that may enter the smoke-box with the hot gases on their way to the chimney the blast-pipe may be formed with holes or passages, through which smoke and hot gases can freely pass into the blast-pipe, but not sparks or glowing particles. The said holes or passages may advantageously be elongated and have a slight .radially and outwardly upward inclination,

so that their upper surfaces will aid in arresting and throwing down sparks or glowing particles coming into contact therewith. The

holes or passages may coincide with portions of the grooves or channels within the blastpipe or they may be arranged in an upper portion of the blast-pipe, which may be made longer than usual and have its upperportion either of uniform diameter or of gradually increasing diameter above the conical portion of smallest diameter and be internally grooved or not. The holes are preferably arranged spirally in the blast-pipe, with a view of facilitating the egress of steam by causing it to whirl or revolve. The blast-pipe, when thus adapted to arrest sparks, may be used in conjunction with ahorizontal grid fixed in the smoke-box above the level of the firetubes and formed with an aperture in which the upper open end of the blast-pipe is located or the upper perforated end of the blast-pipe may extend up to or beyond the base of the chimney or up to or beyond the base of a petticoat or truncated cone supported below the chimney and used with or without a horizontal grid.

Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying illustrative drawings are vertical sections representing examples of blast-pipes provided with spiral channels according to this invention.

Fig. 3 thereof is a plan corresponding to Fig.

2, and Fig. 4 is a vertical section of another example.

Fig. 1 shows a blast-pipe consisting of lower and upper truncated conical portions a and 1), formed of one piece, the lower portion being of upwardly-decreasing diameter and the upper portion of upwardly-increasing diameter. The lower portion a has spiral ribs 0 cast in one with it for a portion of its length to form channels for the purpose hereinbefore mentioned. The upper portion 1) is formed with holes (1 through its wall. These holes have a radially and outwardly upward inclination, so that their-upper .surfaces e will aid in arresting and throwing down sparks or glowing particles coming into contact therewith. The partitions or ribs f between the holes d are, moreover, spiral and of the same pitch and direction as the ribs 0. The upper portion Z) of the blast-pipe thus constitutes a spark-an resting device. In the case of existing blastpipes rods bent to the shape of the ribs cmay be secured to the interiors of the blast-pipes in lieu of casting ribs thereon.

Fig. 2 shows a blast-pipe comprising two portions a and I), such as shown in Fig. 1 except that the portion a is plainly conical internally and has secured in it,-by means of brackets q,two metal strips 71 and 'i, which fit the interior of the blast-pipe and form the desired inclined or spiral channels. Fig 3 is a top plan showing the arrangement of the strips h and i, whose spiral formation is produced by drawing them out. and It are the top commencing'edges of the two strips and land m their internal peripheries. In this example also the spirals formed by the projections of the lower portion and by the holes or passages (and consequently by the partitions between the holes or passages) are in the same direction.

Fig. 4 shows a blast-pipe in which the lower and upper portions a and b are made separate from each other. The lower portion a has fine ribs 71. cast in one with it for the purpose hereinbefore mentioned, and the upper portion or spark-arresting device 6 fits in a socket 19, formed by the upper end of the blast-pipe, and is composed of a frame comprising upper and lower rings q and r and notched or recessed bars 5 and rods or bars t, wound spirally around the frame and located in the notches or recesses of the bars 8. The rods or bars '6 form extensions of the ribs n, and consequently the passages between the bars or rods t form continuations of the channels constituted by the ribs 07.. The upper portion Z) is shown as surrounding a chimneycone u and fitting against a chimney-base o. In some cases a single spirally-arranged projection might be arranged in the lower portion of a blast-pipe instead of two or more and likewise a single spiral partition between the holes or passages of the upper portion.

It will be obvious that other changes in construction might be made without departing from the essential features of my invention.

WVhat I claim is 1. In a locomotive blast-pipe the combination of one or more spirally-arranged projections within the blast-pipe adapted to regulate the flow of exhaust-steam therethrough and a spark-arresting device formed with holes or openings separated by a partition or partitions of like spiral direction to said projection or projections.

2. A locomotive blast-pipe comprising a lower portion of upwardly-decreasing diameter'and an upper portion which is in one piece with said lower portion and is formed with holes or passages adapted to allow smoke and hot gases to pass freely into the blast-pipe but not sparks or glowing particles.

3. A locomotive blast pipe comprising lower and upper portions of which the lower portion is provided internally with one or more inclined or spirally-arranged projections adapted to regulate the flow of exhaust-steam therethrough and the upper portion is formed with holes orpassages adapted to allow smoke and hot gases to pass freely into the blastpipe but not sparks or glowing particles.

at. A locomotive blast-pipe comprising a lower portion of upwardly-decreasing diameter and an upper portion which is in one piece with said lower portion and is formed with holes or passages adapted to allow smoke and hot gases to pass freely into the blastpipe but not sparks or glowing particles, the upper surfaces of said holes or passages having a radially and outwardly upward inclination.

5. A locomotive blast-pipe comprising a lower portion of upwardly-decreasing diameter provided internally with one or more spirally-arranged projections adapted to regulate the flow of steam thcrethrough and an upper portion formed with holes or passages adapted to allow smoke and hot gases to pass freely into the blast-pipe but not sparks or glowing particles, said holes or passages being separated by a partition or partitions of like spiral direction to said projection or projections.

6. A locomotive blastpipe consisting of lower and upper portions formed in one piece, of which the lower portion is of gradually-decreasing diameter in an upward direction and is provided with a projection or projections adapted to cause exhaust-steam to whirl or revolve in passing therethrough, and the up per portion is formed with holes or passages adapted to allow smoke and hot gases to pass freely into the blast-pipe but not sparks or glowing particles.

7. A locomotive blast-pipe consisting of lower and upper portions formed in one piece, of which the lower portion is of gradually-decreasing diameter in an upward direction and is provided with a projection or projections adapted to cause exhauststeam to whirl or revolve in a certain direction in passing therethrough, and the upper portion is formed with holes or passages which are arranged to form a spiral or spirals having the said direc tion and are adapted to allow smoke and hot gases to pass freely into the blast-pipe but not sparks or glowing particles.

8. A locomotive blast-pipe consisting of a lower portion which is of upwardly gradually decreasing diameter and is provided with one or more projections arranged in a spiral or spirals and adapted to regulate the passage of exhaust-steam therethrough and an upper portion which is of upwardly gradually increasing diameter and is formed with holes or passages which are arranged in a spiral or spirals having the same direction as the aforesaid spiral or spirals and are adapted to allow smoke and hot gases to pass freely into the blast-pipe but not sparks or glowing particles.

9. In a locomotive-engine, the combination of a chimney-base, and a blast-pipe comprising a lower portion of upwardly-decreasing diameter and provided with a projection or projections arranged in a spiral or spirals and adapted to regulate the passage of exhauststeam therethrough, and an upper portion which is of upward ly-increasing diameter, ex

tends to said chimney-base, and is formed with holes or passages which are arranged in a spiral or spirals having the same direction as the aforesaid spiral or spirals and are adapted to allow smoke and hot gases to pass freely into the blast-pipe but not sparks or glowing particles.

10. In a locomotive engine, the combination of a chimney-base, a chimney-cone, and a blast-pipe comprising a lower portion of upwardly decreasing diameter and provided with a projection or projections arranged in a spiral or spirals and adapted to regulate the passage of exhauststeam therethrough, and an upper portion which is of upwardlyincreasing diameter, surrounds said chimneycone, extends to said chimney-base, and is formed with holes or passages which are arranged in a spiral or spirals having the same direction as the aforesaid spiral or spirals and are adapted to allow smoke and hot gases to pass freely into the blast-pipe but not sparks or glowing particles.

11. A locomotive blast-pipe, comprising a lower portion, means carried thereby for regulating the flow of exhaust therethrough, and an upper portion formed with spirallyar ranged openings, substantially as described.

12. A locomotive blast-pipe, comprising a lower portion, spirally arranged members therein adapted to regulate the flow of exhaust therethrough, and an upper portion formed with spirally-arranged openings, substantially as described.

13. A locomotive blastpipe, comprising lower and upper portions made in one piece, and spirally-arranged projections carried by the inner side of said lower portion, said upper portion having openings adapted to prevent the entry of sparks therethrough but to allow the free passage of smoke into the blastpipe, substantially as described.

14. A locomotive blastpipe, comprising lower and upper portions made in one piece, and spirally-arranged projections carried by the inner side of the said lower portion, said upper portion having spirally-arranged openings adapted to prevent the entry of sparks therethrough but to'allow the free passage of smoke into the blast-pipe, substantially as described.

15. A locomotive blastpipe, comprising lower and upper portions made in one piece, and spirally-arranged projections carried by the inner side of said lower portion, said upper portion having holes or passages which are arranged in a spiral or spirals having the same direction as the aforesaid spiral projections, substantially as described.

Signed at Charing Cross Hotel, London, V. 0., this 28th day of April, 1902.

HARRY SMITH WVAINWVRIGIIT.

\Vitnesses:

HORACE A. TILLINGHAST, ALEX. RIDGWAY. 

